Nanoconfined matter naturally occurs in many contexts. Nanoconfined water exists in the interior of micelles, membranes, inside the nanopores of concrete and other synthetic materials. Its unique properties control chemical, biochemical and physical processes. The way it interacts with other molecules and materials defines solubility constants, reaction speeds, reaction routes and supramolecular arrangement. Aside from liquids, nanoconfined environments also host a range of other molecules, including anions and organic matter. Interacting with the confining media, these molecules have their properties altered and at the same time modify the properties of the confining walls. Controlling the way these subsystems interact with each other and probing their properties is a challenging task that invariably requires multi-diagnostic approaches utilizing multiple advanced characterization techniques. In this talk, the unconventional properties of nanoconfined matter and new ways of controlling and probing them will be discussed.